Basil
Ocimum basilicum
Overview
Basil thrives in Nutrient Film Technique (NFT) systems due to the high oxygen availability to the roots. However, because basil has a vigorous root system, it requires careful monitoring in NFT channels to prevent root mats from clogging the flow of the nutrient solution. It is a warm-weather crop that requires consistent lighting and temperatures.
Growing Requirements
pH Range
5.5 - 6.5
EC Range
1 - 1.6 mS/cm
TDS Range
500 - 800 ppm
Temperature
20°C - 27°C
Light Requirement
High (14 hours/day)
Nutrient Needs
Growth Timeline
Germination
5-10 daysSeeds are sown in starter plugs (rockwool or rapid rooters). Keep moist and warm (24°C) with high humidity.
Seedling
10-14 daysOnce true leaves appear and roots protrude from the starter plug, the plant is ready to be transplanted into the NFT system. Start with a lower EC (0.8-1.0).
Vegetative Growth
Weeks 3-5Rapid leaf production occurs. Roots will grow long quickly in the NFT channel. Increase EC to 1.2-1.6. Pruning is essential to encourage bushiness.
Common Issues & Solutions
Root Rot (Pythium)
- Brown, slimy roots
- Musty smell
- Wilting leaves despite wet medium
- Reservoir temperature too high (>24°C)
- Low dissolved oxygen
- Light leaks in the reservoir or channels
- Use a water chiller
- Increase aeration with air stones
- Add beneficial bacteria or H2O2 treatment
Tip Burn
- Brown, necrotic edges on young leaves
- Calcium deficiency
- High humidity preventing transpiration
- Stagnant air
- Increase airflow over the canopy
- Lower humidity
- Check pH to ensure Calcium uptake
Channel Clogging
- Nutrient solution overflowing channels
- Uneven flow
- Dense root mass blocking the film of water
- Trim roots (carefully)
- Use wider NFT channels
- Harvest entire plants sooner
Harvesting Guide
When to Harvest
Start harvesting once the plant has at least 3-4 sets of true leaves and is roughly 6 inches tall.
How to Harvest
Use the 'cut and come again' method. Snip the stem just above a node (where two leaves grow). This encourages two new stems to grow from that point, creating a bushier plant. Never remove more than 1/3 of the plant at once.
Storage Tips
Do not refrigerate fresh basil below 10°C as leaves will turn black. Store stems in a glass of water at room temperature or freeze processed pesto.
Expected Yield
High; a healthy NFT basil plant can produce weekly harvests for several months before becoming woody.
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